Southwest African lion: Difference between revisions
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| name = Southwest African lion | | name = Southwest African lion | ||
| image = Die pure Kraft - Löwe im Etosha-Nationalpark.JPG | | image = Die pure Kraft - Löwe im Etosha-Nationalpark.JPG | ||
| image_caption = Lion in | | image_caption = Lion in Etosha National Park, Namibia. | ||
| image2 = Lioness on the prowl.jpg | | image2 = Lioness on the prowl.jpg | ||
| image2_caption = Lioness in Etosha National Park, Namibia. | | image2_caption = Lioness in Etosha National Park, Namibia. | ||
| regnum = | | regnum = Animalia | ||
| phylum = | | phylum = Chordata | ||
| classis = | | classis = Mammalia | ||
| ordo = | | ordo = Carnivora | ||
| familia = | | familia = Felidae | ||
| genus = '' | | genus = ''Panthera'' | ||
| species = '' | | species = ''Panthera leo'' | ||
| subspecies = ''P. l. bleyenberghi'' | | subspecies = ''P. l. bleyenberghi'' | ||
| trinomial = ''Panthera leo bleyenberghi'' | | trinomial = ''Panthera leo bleyenberghi'' | ||
| trinomial_authority =(Lönnberg, 1914) | | trinomial_authority =(Lönnberg, 1914) | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Southwest African lion''' or '''Katanga lion''' (''Panthera leo bleyenberghi'') is a subspecies of the | {{Featured article}} | ||
The '''Southwest African lion''' or '''Katanga lion''' (''Panthera leo bleyenberghi'') is a subspecies of the lion that lives in southwestern Africa. It is found in Namibia, Angola, Zaire, western [[Zambia]], western Zimbabwe and northern Botswana. The type specimen was from Katanga (Zaire). Lions in the Kalahari xeric savanna may be either ''Panthera leo bleyenberghi'' or ''Panthera leo krugeri''.<ref name=Haas2005>{{cite journal|author1=Haas, S.K. |author2=Hayssen, V. |author3=Krausman, P.R. |title=''Panthera leo''|year= 2005 |journal=Mammalian Species|volume=762|pages= 1–11|url=http://www.science.smith.edu/msi/pdf/762_Panthera_leo.pdf|doi=10.1644/1545-1410(2005)762[0001:PL]2.0.CO;2}}</ref> In 2008, surveys were conducted in the Upemba and Kundelungu National Parks located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but no evidence of lion presence was found.<ref>http://www.bakasbl.org/news/doc_en/107.doc</ref> | |||
== Physical characteristics == | == Physical characteristics == | ||
Southwest African lions are among the largest lion subspecies.<ref name=Smuts_etal_1980>{{cite journal|last=Smuts|first=G.L. |author2=Robinson, G.A. |author3=Whyte, I.J.|title=Comparative growth of wild male and female lions (Panthera leo)|journal=Journal of Zoology|year=1980|volume=190|issue=3|pages=365–373|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1980.tb01433.x/abstract|doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.1980.tb01433.x}}</ref> Males are around 2.5–3.10 metres (8.2–10.2 feet) long including the tail. Females are 2.3–2.65 metres (7.5–8.7 feet). The weight of males is generally 140–242 kg (308–533 pounds), and the females are 105–170 kg (231–378 pounds). They have a shoulder height of 0.90–1.20 metres (3.0–4.0 feet). | Southwest African lions are among the largest lion subspecies.<ref name=Smuts_etal_1980>{{cite journal|last=Smuts|first=G.L. |author2=Robinson, G.A. |author3=Whyte, I.J.|title=Comparative growth of wild male and female lions (Panthera leo)|journal=Journal of Zoology|year=1980|volume=190|issue=3|pages=365–373|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1980.tb01433.x/abstract|doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.1980.tb01433.x}}</ref> Males are around 2.5–3.10 metres (8.2–10.2 feet) long including the tail. Females are 2.3–2.65 metres (7.5–8.7 feet). The weight of males is generally 140–242 kg (308–533 pounds), and the females are 105–170 kg (231–378 pounds). They have a shoulder height of 0.90–1.20 metres (3.0–4.0 feet). | ||
The longest wild lion, on record, apparently was a male shot near | The longest wild lion, on record, apparently was a male shot near Mucusso, southern Angola, in October 1973, which measured nearly {{convert|3.6|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Wood 1983">Wood, The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats. Sterling Pub Co Inc (1983), ISBN 978-0-85112-235-9</ref> | ||
== Hunting and prey == | == Hunting and prey == | ||
Like other African lions, Katanga lions, whose manes tend to be lighter in color than those of other subspecies, prey mostly on large animals, like [[ | Like other African lions, Katanga lions, whose manes tend to be lighter in color than those of other subspecies, prey mostly on large animals, like [[zebras]], [[wildebeest]], [[antelope]], and [[warthogs]]. | ||
== In captivity == | == In captivity == | ||
[[File:P l Bleyenberghi 1.jpg|left|thumb|A captive Southwest African Lion at | [[File:P l Bleyenberghi 1.jpg|left|thumb|A captive Southwest African Lion at Leipzig Zoo]] | ||
A small captive population exists. There are 29 lions from this subspecies registered by the | A small captive population exists. There are 29 lions from this subspecies registered by the International Species Information System. These animals are derived from animals which were captured in Angola and Zimbabwe.<ref name=Barnettetal.2006>{{cite journal|author1=Barnett, R. |author2=Yamaguchi, N. |author3=Barnes, I. |author4=Cooper, A. |last-author-amp=yes |title=The origin, current diversity and future conservation of the modern lion (''Panthera leo'')|doi=10.1098/rspb.2006.3555|year=2006|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|volume=273|issue=1598|pages=2119–25|pmid=16901830|pmc=1635511}}</ref> | ||
However, the purity of these captive lions was not confirmed. Genetic analysis indicated that they could have been maternally derived from | However, the purity of these captive lions was not confirmed. Genetic analysis indicated that they could have been maternally derived from West or Central African lions, which appeared to be more closely related to North African and Asiatic lions than to other Sub-Saharan African lions.<ref name=Bertolaetal.2011>{{cite journal|author=Bertola, L. D., van Hooft, W. F. Vrieling, K., Uit de Weerd, D. R., York, D. S., Bauer, H., Prins, H. H., Funston, P. J., Udo de Haes, H. A., Leirs, H., van Haeringen, W., A., Sogbohossou, E., Tumenta, P. N., de Iongh, H. H.|title=Genetic diversity, evolutionary history and implications for conservation of the lion (''Panthera leo'') in West and Central Africa|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02500.x|url=http://www.birdforum.net/attachment.php?attachmentid=319954&d=1303386878|year=2011|journal=Journal of Biogeography|volume=38|issue=7|pages=1356}}</ref><ref name=Agostinho>{{Cite journal|author=Antunes, A., Troyer, J. L., Roelke, M. E., Pecon-Slattery, J., Packer, C., Winterbach, C., Winterbach, H., Johnson, W. E. |title=The Evolutionary Dynamics of the Lion Panthera leo Revealed by Host and Viral Population Genomics |journal=PLoS Genetics |volume=4 |issue=11 |pages=e1000251 |year=2008 |pmid=18989457 |pmc=2572142 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1000251}}</ref> | ||
{{clear}} | {{clear}} | ||
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[[Category:Animals described in 1914]] | [[Category:Animals described in 1914]] | ||
[[Category:Lions]] | [[Category:Lions]] | ||
[[Category:Wildlife of Zambia]] | |||
[[Category:Felids of Africa]] | [[Category:Felids of Africa]] | ||
[[Category:Mammals of Zambia]] | [[Category:Mammals of Zambia]] | ||
[[Category:Megafauna of Africa]] | [[Category:Megafauna of Africa]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:18, 17 November 2016
| Southwest African lion | |
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| Lion in Etosha National Park, Namibia. | |
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| Lioness in Etosha National Park, Namibia. | |
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| Trinomial name | |
| Panthera leo bleyenberghi (Lönnberg, 1914)
| |
The Southwest African lion or Katanga lion (Panthera leo bleyenberghi) is a subspecies of the lion that lives in southwestern Africa. It is found in Namibia, Angola, Zaire, western Zambia, western Zimbabwe and northern Botswana. The type specimen was from Katanga (Zaire). Lions in the Kalahari xeric savanna may be either Panthera leo bleyenberghi or Panthera leo krugeri.[1] In 2008, surveys were conducted in the Upemba and Kundelungu National Parks located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but no evidence of lion presence was found.[2]
Physical characteristics
Southwest African lions are among the largest lion subspecies.[3] Males are around 2.5–3.10 metres (8.2–10.2 feet) long including the tail. Females are 2.3–2.65 metres (7.5–8.7 feet). The weight of males is generally 140–242 kg (308–533 pounds), and the females are 105–170 kg (231–378 pounds). They have a shoulder height of 0.90–1.20 metres (3.0–4.0 feet).
The longest wild lion, on record, apparently was a male shot near Mucusso, southern Angola, in October 1973, which measured nearly 3.6 m (12 ft).[4]
Hunting and prey
Like other African lions, Katanga lions, whose manes tend to be lighter in color than those of other subspecies, prey mostly on large animals, like zebras, wildebeest, antelope, and warthogs.
In captivity
A small captive population exists. There are 29 lions from this subspecies registered by the International Species Information System. These animals are derived from animals which were captured in Angola and Zimbabwe.[5]
However, the purity of these captive lions was not confirmed. Genetic analysis indicated that they could have been maternally derived from West or Central African lions, which appeared to be more closely related to North African and Asiatic lions than to other Sub-Saharan African lions.[6][7]
See also
References
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- ↑ Lua error in ...ribunto/includes/engines/LuaCommon/lualib/mwInit.lua at line 23: bad argument #1 to 'old_ipairs' (table expected, got nil).
- ↑ http://www.bakasbl.org/news/doc_en/107.doc
- ↑ Lua error in ...ribunto/includes/engines/LuaCommon/lualib/mwInit.lua at line 23: bad argument #1 to 'old_ipairs' (table expected, got nil).
- ↑ Wood, The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats. Sterling Pub Co Inc (1983), ISBN 978-0-85112-235-9
- ↑ Lua error in ...ribunto/includes/engines/LuaCommon/lualib/mwInit.lua at line 23: bad argument #1 to 'old_ipairs' (table expected, got nil).
- ↑ Lua error in ...ribunto/includes/engines/LuaCommon/lualib/mwInit.lua at line 23: bad argument #1 to 'old_ipairs' (table expected, got nil).
- ↑ Lua error in ...ribunto/includes/engines/LuaCommon/lualib/mwInit.lua at line 23: bad argument #1 to 'old_ipairs' (table expected, got nil).
