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| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1997|01|23}} | | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1997|01|23}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Lusaka]], [[Zambia]] | | birth_place = [[Lusaka]], [[Zambia]] | ||
| known_for = Conjoined twins | | known_for = Conjoined twins | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Joseph Banda''' and '''Luka Banda''' (born January 23, 1997 in [[Lusaka]], [[Zambia]])<ref>[http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-6375253.html Zambia: Zambian Siamese Twins Return Home] Chibi Kubantu, Inter Press Service English News Wire 1998-04-09 (subscription required)</ref> are twin brothers who | '''Joseph Banda''' and '''Luka Banda''' (born January 23, 1997 in [[Lusaka]], [[Zambia]])<ref>[http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-6375253.html Zambia: Zambian Siamese Twins Return Home] Chibi Kubantu, Inter Press Service English News Wire 1998-04-09 (subscription required)</ref> are twin brothers who were born type 2 vertical craniopagus twins. They were born joined at the back of the skull and faced in opposite directions. In December 1997, Dr. Ben Carson led a team of 50 Zambian and South African specialists to separate the 11-month-old twins in a 22-hour operation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2002/HEALTH/08/10/separated.zambian.twins/ |title=African separated twins offer hope for 'little Marias' |publisher=CNN.com |date=2002-08-10 |accessdate=2015-10-22}}</ref> They did not share any organs, but shared intricate blood vessels that flowed into each other's brains. | ||
In 2001, the twins were fitted with artificial skulls to permanently close their heads, and are neurologically normal. In an interview, Dr. Carson stated about the operation: | |||
:"In the end, the Bandas became the first Type 2 craniopagus twins (joined at the head and facing in opposite directions) ever separated with both surviving and both being neurologically normal."''<ref>{{cite news|last=Dreifus |first=Claudia |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9802E1D81E38F937A35752C0A9669C8B63 |title=A CONVERSATION WITH - BENJAMIN S. CARSON - A Pioneer at a Frontier - The Brain of a Child |newspaper=The New York Times |date=2000-01-04 |accessdate=2015-05-29}}</ref> | :"In the end, the Bandas became the first Type 2 craniopagus twins (joined at the head and facing in opposite directions) ever separated with both surviving and both being neurologically normal."''<ref>{{cite news|last=Dreifus |first=Claudia |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9802E1D81E38F937A35752C0A9669C8B63 |title=A CONVERSATION WITH - BENJAMIN S. CARSON - A Pioneer at a Frontier - The Brain of a Child |newspaper=The New York Times |date=2000-01-04 |accessdate=2015-05-29}}</ref> | ||
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